PPT-Mutations & Recombinant DNA

Learning Outcome B8 amp B6 Learning Outcome B8 Explain how mutations in DNA affect protein synthesis Student Achievement Indicators Give examples of two environmental mutagens that can cause mutations in humans. Mutation. Permanent change in the genetic material of an organism. All mutations in gametes are inheritable because they are copied during DNA replication. Somatic cell mutations occur in body cells. Dr. Brian Rymond (Instructor). &. Christen . Wanstrath. (TA). Make and break DNA (and RNA) in a variety of ways and test the consequences in the host organism (. E. coli, S. cerevisiae, C. elegans. Ireen Kiwelu. Kilimanjaro International PhD symposium. KCMC, Nov 28, 2013. Supervisors. Prof. . Max . Essex. 1. Dr. . Vladmir. . Novitsky. 1. Prof. . Saidi. . Kapiga. . 2. . Dr. Rachel Manongi. Point mutations. single base change . silent mutation. no amino acid change. redundancy in code. missense. change amino acid. Changes the final protien. nonsense. change to stop codon. Stopping prematurely . . Hameed. Abdullah. (. or . rDNA. ) is made by combining DNA from two or more sources. In practice, the process often involves combining the DNA of different organisms. . The . process depends on the ability of cut, and re-join, DNA molecules at points identified by specific sequences of nucleotide bases called restriction sites. DNA fragments are cut out of their normal position in the chromosome using . Understand how they occur. Analyze the different types of mutations. Understand how mutations affect amino acid sequences and proteins. Objective. Central Dogma. DNA is transcribed into RNA, RNA is translated into proteins. Small-scale mutations. Missense mutations. Nonsense mutations. Silent mutations. Frameshift mutations. Large scale mutations. Causes. Mutagens. The results of mutation. Mutations. Genetic mutations are changes in the DNA sequence, caused by various mechanisms.. BIOTECHNOLOGY. What. . is. . biotechnology. ? . Biotechnology. = . bios. (. life. ) + logos (. study. . of). Literally. ‘. the. . study. of . tools. . from. living . things. ’. What. . Genetic engineering involves inserting foreign genes or modifying the activity of existing genes. . This technology exploits the process of gene cloning which involves making many identical copies of a gene. . Mutations. Mutation. : a . change. in DNA. -not all mutations are harmful . -can happen in body cells and in gametes.. . **. mutations are . passed down. to offspring only when they are in the . TECHNOLOGY 1 Objectives • Recombinant DNA • Probes • Restriction map • Gene cloning • Gene library • Cloning vectors • RFLP • DNA Fingerprinting • DNA foot printing • Genomic impri KEY CONCEPT:. . Mutations. are changes in genetic material.. VOCABULARY:. Mutation, point mutation, . frameshift. mutation, polyploidy. Mutations – extension from gene expression. . Changes in genotype. Science. Learning intention. To understand the different types of mutations. . You will need. A pen and a piece of paper or a laptop to record your answers. . You may need the internet to search for answers. . Profit. What the heck is recombinant DNA?. Recombinant DNA is what you get when you combine DNA from two different sources.. For Example:. Mouse + Human DNA. Human + Bacterial DNA. Viral + Bacteria DNA.