PDF-Carbonyl condensation reactions

A small amount of base is used to generate a small amount of enolate in the presence of unreacted carbonyl Reaction of an ester having an hydrogen with 1 Occurs with a variety of. 2814 C O OC OC Q.1 Carbonyl compounds are formed by oxidation of alcohols; a) Which type of alcohol is oxidised to an aldehyde?b) Which type of alcohol is oxidised to a ketone?c) What compounds are Aldehydes and ketones. Carbonyl Compounds. Contain the carbonyl group . C=O. . Aldehydes: . R may be hydrogen, usually a carbon containing group. Ketones: . R contains carbon. Short. forms. Structures of Aldehydes . Lecture 6. CARBONYL COMPOUNDS: . NUCLEOPHILIC ADDITION REACTION. ALDEHYDE. KETON. ESTHER. CARBOXILIC ACID. CARBONYL COMPOUNDS. CARBONYL COMPOUNDS. Formalin . Ibuprofen . Aspirin. Asam cuka. Asam semut. In General. Fragrant odors. Basic building block of housing materials. Hormones. Digestion. Vision. 2. In General. Carbonyl group. C=O. Aldehydes. RCH=O. Formyl. Ketones. RC=OR’. 3. Nomenclature. Ketones and aldehydes contain the carbonyl functional group, C=O. . Formation of the C=O carbonyl . π. bond. π. bond. formed by sideways overlap of . p orbitals. above and below the plane of the molecule. The bonding electrons are . Plastics, Fibers and Foods. Polymerization. The formation of very large molecules from a number of smaller, REPEATING hydrocarbon molecules. Smaller MONOMERS are chained together by addition reactions or condensation. Substitution and Elimination at C(sp. 3. )-X . σ. bonds. Addition of . Nuclephiles. to Electrophilic . π. bonds. Substitution . at . C(sp. 2. )-. X . σ. . bonds. Base-promoted Rearrangements. Chapter . Claire O’Neill. Environmental Protection, Public Health and Housing. Environmental Health Service. Environmental Protection , Public Health and Housing. Food Safety. Health and Safety. Community Safety. Grace College. Chapter . 22. Lecture. Organic Chemistry. , . 9. th. Edition. L. G. Wade, Jr.. Condensations and Alpha Substitutions of Carbonyl Compounds. © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.. Alpha Substitution. Preparation of . Benzalacetophenon. (. Chalcones. ). 2. Are(. enone. ) or α, β unsaturated aromatic ketones containing the reactive keto ethylene group –CO– CH=CH-. Many of the chalcones are highly biological active which have medicinal and pharmaceutical applications. Carbonyl Compounds. Contain the carbonyl group . C=O. . Aldehydes: . R may be hydrogen, usually a carbon containing group. Ketones: . R contains carbon. Short. forms. Structures of Aldehydes . and Ketones. Understand the reactions of carbonyl compounds with:. HCN, in the presence of KCN, as a nucleophilic addition reaction, using curly arrows, relevant lone pairs, dipoles and evidence of optical activity to show mechanism. Classified into 2 group. (a)Mononuclear carbonyls M(CO)x. (B). Polynuclear. carbonyls . M. 2. (CO)y. MNC are formed by metals with even atomic number. Dia. magnetic in nature. Nickel . carbonyl-mononuclear . Antonio Brathwaite. and Michael Duncan . Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia. Athens, GA 30602. maduncan.myweb.uga.edu/. Transition Metal-Carbonyls. Stable transition metal-carbonyls . have been studied .