PPT-Ch. 20 Biotechnology DNA cloning yields multiple copies of a gene or other DNA segment

Gene cloning and other techniques collectively termed DNA technology can be used to manipulate and analyze DNA and to produce useful new products and organisms In genetic engineering bacterial restriction enzymes are used to cut DNA molecules within short specific nucleotide sequences restriction sites yielding a set of doublestranded DNA fragments with single stranded sticky ends. Types of Cloning. . . Reproductive Cloning . – making copies of a whole . animal/human – useful to propagate transgenic /genetically modified organisms. Therapeutic Cloning . – making copies of an embryo in order to harvest its stem . In biotechnology, cloning refers to the different processes used for . duplicating . biological material . (ex. DNA fragments, cells or organisms). . . The 3 Types of Cloning Technologies:. 1. Recombinant DNA Technology/DNA Cloning. How can we use our understanding of DNA, genomes, and gene expression to help solve issues in the world? . To what extent SHOULD we apply this knowledge into action?. Universality of the Genetic Code. Melaine. Randle, B.Sc. (. Hons. ), PhD. Candidate. The Biotechnology Centre. What Is Biotechnology?. Manipulation of living organisms, systems to develop products.. Term coined by Hungarian engineer Karl . A number of different processes used to produce genetically identical copies of biological material. Researchers have cloned genes, cells, . tissues, and entire organisms. Do clones ever occur naturally?. Biotechnology: the branch of . molecular biology . that studies the use of . microorganisms. to perform specific industrial processes; "biotechnology produced . genetically altered . bacteria that solved the problem"  . Lecture #9. Lehninger. . Principles of Biochemistry. Chapter 9. DNA-based information technologies. Genomics & Proteomics. Genome. : . A genome is the complete set of genetic information in an organism.. A vehicle used to transfer genetic material such as DNA sequence from the donor organism to target cell of recipient organism(Host cell).. Also referred as carrier of DNA sequence.. Also referred as cloning vehicle or cloning DNA.. Definition Biotechnology. Biotechnology is broadly defined as the science of using living organisms or the products of living organisms for the benefit of humans and their surroundings.. Biotechnology. AND ITS ETHICAL ISSUES Early Successes - Human Cloning  2001 – First cloned human embryos (only to six cell stage) created by Advanced Cell Technology (USA)  2004* – Claim of first h Biotechnology. Using organisms and biological processes for human benefit. Very old. Fermentation to produce alcohol and bread. New techniques allow manipulation at the molecular level. Some biotechnology controversial . Dr. Beenish Saba. What is biotechnology?. Technology based on biological sciences. That includes. Agriculture. Food science. G. enetics. M. edicine. Definition. T. he . integration of natural sciences and organisms, cells, parts thereof, and molecular analogues for products and services . Profit. What the heck is recombinant DNA?. Recombinant DNA is what you get when you combine DNA from two different sources.. For Example:. Mouse + Human DNA. Human + Bacterial DNA. Viral + Bacteria DNA. Sciences. By. Swarnakshi. . Upadhyay. Assistant Professor. School of Pharmaceutical Sciences. DEFINITION. It is defined as the application of scientific and engineering principles to the processing of material by biological agents to provide good services..