PPT-PArt 1: Amino Acids and Proteins

Protein Builds and repairs body tissue Provides some energy There are 4 calories per gram of protein Protein Composed of chains of amino acids Common Amino Acids Alanine Glycine Isoleucine Leucine. (Foundation Block). Dr. Ahmed Mujamammi. Dr. . Sumbul. . Fatma. Learning outcomes. What are the amino acids?. General structure.. Classification of amino acids.. Optical properties.. Amino acid configuration.. 2. Proteins. Proteins are polymers made of monomers called amino acids. All proteins are made of 20 different amino acids linked in different orders. Proteins are used to build cells, act as hormones & enzymes, and do much of the work in a cell. The 20 different amino acids. 7.5.1: Explain the four levels of protein structure, indicating the significance of each level.. Peptide bonds link the amino acids together . Polypeptide with five amino acids. . CHAPTER 3, Part 1 . Amino Acids and Peptides . To know the structure and naming of all 20 protein amino acids. To know the structure and properties of peptides and the particularly the structure of the peptide bond.. Subunits (building blocks) of peptides and proteins. Neurotransmitters. Metabolic intermediates. glutamate. γ. -. aminobutyric. acid. (GABA). Proteins are synthesized from 20 ‘standard’ . α. -amino acids. Their names have 3- and 1-letter abbreviations.. B.2. Properties of 2-amino acids . (B.2.2). Zwitterion. (dipolar) . amino acids contain both acidic and basic groups in the same molecule . therefore, are . amphoteric. in nature (capable of behaving as acids or bases). Unit objectives:. Identify amino acid classifications based on nutritional use and chemical properties of side chains. Describe the primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structures of proteins. ). Dr. . Sumbul. . Fatma. Learning outcomes. What are the amino acids?. General structure.. Classification of amino acids.. Optical properties.. Amino acid configuration.. Non-standard amino acids.. . are organic molecules that are the building block of . . proteins. .. -There is 20 . α. -amino acids commonly found in . proteins. . ( . they . have a carboxyl group and an amino group . . . 6. 6.1 Differentiate . between essential amino acids and nonessential amino acids.. 6.2 List . the functions of protein in the body.. 6.3 List . the steps for protein digestion and absorption in the body. . Each amino acid (aa) shares a common structure; i.e. an amine (NH. 2. ) group, an acid group (COOH), and a central carbon atom bonded to hydrogen and to a side chain (R).. The side chains qualify aas as acidic, basic, neutral, aromatic, and sulphur-containing amino acids.. for . life.. . The importance of proteins was recognized by chemists in the early 19th century, including Swedish chemist . Jöns. Jacob Berzelius. , who in 1838 coined the term . protein. , a word derived from the Greek . u. sing paper chromatography. Kate Andrews. Lorraine Bruce. Unit 1 DNA and the Genome. 3 Control of gene expression. Separation and identification of amino acids using paper chromatography.. Cells and Proteins. imino. acid.” . Figure 5: Comparison of the secondary amino group found in proline with the primary amino group found in other amino acids such as alanine.. 2. Proline: . Proline differs from other amino acids in that its side chain and amino N form a rigid, five -member red ring structure (Figure 5). Proline, then, has a secondary (rather than a primary) amino group. It is frequently referred to as an “.