Day 1 WHAT ARE WE LEARNING TODAY BENCHMARK SC912L1436 Describe the factors affecting blood flow through the cardiovascular system OBJECTIVE Identify and investigate the general functions of the circulatory system ID: 185983
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Slide1
Topic 16- Circulatory System
Day 1Slide2
WHAT ARE WE LEARNING TODAY?
BENCHMARKSC.912.L.14.36: Describe the factors affecting blood flow through the cardiovascular system.
OBJECTIVE
Identify and investigate the general functions of the circulatory system.
Describe the structure of the heart and explain how it pumps blood through the body.Slide3
What is the Heart?
The
heart
is a
muscular organ
that pumps blood throughout the body.
Located near the left-center of your chest.
Hollow and about the size of your clenched fist.Slide4
What is the essential vocabulary?
Atrium
(
aurícula
):
-Upper chamber of the heart
-receives blood from the rest of the body
Ventricle
: (
Ventrículo
): -Lower
chamber of the heart
-
P
umps blood
out of the heart
to the rest of the body
Viscosity
:
Refers to how fluid a liquid is
Pulmonary
(
poumon
or
pulmon
):
Refers to the
lungs
Systemic
(
Systémica
):
Spread throughout the
entire bodySlide5
What are the
Functions of the
Circulatory System
?
Transports
:
oxygen,
carbon dioxide,
food molecules,
hormones,
to and from the cells of the body.
2.
Helps maintain a constant
body temperatur
e
.
3.
Carries cells that help protect the body from disease.Slide6
How does your blood circulate
through the Body?
The heart functions as
two separate pumps
.
The
left side
of heart:
pumps oxygen-rich blood to the
rest of the body
(
systemic circulation
.)
The
right side
of heart:
pumps oxygen-depleted blood
from heart to the lungs (pulmonary circulation.)Slide7
How is the heart divided?
Each half of the heart has an upper and lower chamber.
The
right
atrium
,
receives
deoxygenated blood from the body.
The
right ventricle
pumps blood into the lungs.
The
left
atrium
receives
oxygenated blood from the lungs.
The
left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood to the rest of the body.Slide8
How is the heart divided?
The
ARTERIES
are the vessels that carry blood
away
from the heart
.Systemic arteries
Carry
oxygenated
blood
Pulmonary Arteries carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs.
The
VEINS
bring blood
back
to the heart. systemic veins Carry Deoxygenated blood Pulmonary Veins carry oxygenated blood because they are coming from the lungs.Slide9
What is the Heartbeat?
When you are sitting still, your heart pumps about 5 L of blood each time.
When you are active, your heart pumps up to 35 L.Slide10
Circulation Through the Heart
Oxygen-poor blood flows
into
the heart from the
VENA CAVA
.
Blood first
enters the
right atrium
and is pumped into the
right ventricle
.
From the right ventricle, the blood is pumped through the
pulmonary arteries
.
The pulmonary arteries transport
blood to the lungs
, where it picks up O2 and gets rid off CO2.Slide11
Circulation Through the Heart
The pulmonary veins
transport the newly
oxygenated blood
from the lungs
back to the heart
.
The left atrium receives
oxygen-rich blood
and pump it to the next chamber.
The left ventricle is the final chamber through which blood flows.
The aorta
pumps blood rich in O
2
to both sides of the
body
.Slide12
AORTA
LEFT ATRIUM
RIGHT ATRIUM
VENA CAVA
LEFT VENTRICLE
RIGHT VENTRICLESlide13
Summary of Blood Flow
Oxygen-poor blood from body
through
Vena Cava
into
RIGHT
Atrium
RIGHT
Atrium
RIGHT Ventricle
through
Pulmonary arteries
to
Lungs
From
Lungs
sends oxygenated blood to LEFT Atrium LEFT VentricleBlood pumped out of heart from
LEFT ventricle
through
Aorta
to the rest of the bodySlide14
What are the Blood Vessels?
As blood flows through the circulatory system, it moves through
3
types of blood vessels
:
Arteries
Capillaries
VeinsSlide15
What are the
arteries
?
Large, tough, and highly elastic
Have thick walls
that help them
withstand the powerful pressure
produced when the heart contracts.
Carry blood
away
from the
heart
to the tissues of the body.
Except for the
pulmonary arteries
,
all arteries
carry oxygen-rich blood
.
The
aorta
is the first of a series of blood vessels that carry the blood on its round trip around the body.Slide16
What are the capillaries vessels?
Walls are one cell thick
.
Smallest
of the blood vessels
.
Most are so narrow that blood
cells must pass
through them in
single file.
Bring nutrients and
oxygen to the tissues
Absorb carbon dioxide and other waste from the tissuesSlide17
What are the veins?
Return blood to the heart
.
As with arteries, the thin
walls of veins contain
connective tissue and
smooth muscle.
Large veins
contain valves
that keep blood moving
toward the heart
.Slide18
Knowledge Check
What are the vessels called that deliver blood to the heart?What are the vessels called that deliver blood to the lungs?Which chamber of the heart receives blood from the body?
Which chamber of the heart delivers blood to the body?Slide19
Factors Affecting Blood FlowSlide20
Bellringer: RAFT exercise (10 minutes)
Write a paragraph using the RAFT technique to describe blood flow through the circulatory systemRole: A RED BLOOD CELL
Audience
: You choose: a “freshman” red blood cell, a Biology student, a middle school student, uneducated adults,
etc
Format
: You choose: a story book, informational letter or news report, song, poem, video, dialogue or play,
etc
Topic
: Your TRAVELS THROUGH THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEMSlide21
Viscosity refers to how thick the blood is
The thicker the blood, the harder the heart must work to pumpThicker = slower flowViscositySlide22
Blood flow and Resistance
Resistance of blood flow is the difficulty of blood to flowAffected byVessel diameter
Plaque build up
Blood clots
High resistance = high blood pressureSlide23
Blood Volume
Blood volume is the amount of blood in the bodyIt is regulated by the kidneysAmount of water and salt excretedSlide24
Coronary Arteries
Vessels that supply the heart (myocardium) with oxygenHeart failure occurs when these arteries are blocked
Heart gets deprived of oxygenSlide25
What is blood
pressure?
When the heart contracts, it produces a wave of fluid pressure in the arteries.
Blood pressure is
the force of
the blood on the
arteries’
walls.
Several factors may affect
blood pressure.
Exercise
Nutrition
Stress
Smoking and Alcohol
GeneticsSlide26
Blood Pressure
Is measured and represented by 2 numbersSystolic Pressure: force in arteries when ventricles CONTRACT
Diastolic Pressure
: force in arteries when ventricles
RELAX
Normal Blood pressure would be 120/80
Systolic/diastolicSlide27
What are
common diseases of the circulatory
s
ystem?
Cardiovascular diseases are diseases of the heart and blood vessels.
Leading cause of death
in the US, claiming about 1,000,000 lives every year.
Cardiovascular diseases
develop
gradually
,
So their symptoms
may
not appear for decades
.Slide28
What are common
diseases of the circulatory
s
ystem?
High blood pressure
, or
hypertension
:
forces the heart to work harder,
may
weaken or damage
the heart muscle and blood vessels.
Can lead to heart attack, stroke, or kidney damage
Arteriosclerosis
- hardening of the arteries.
accumulation of fatty deposits, or
plaqueon the inner lining of the arterial wall.The deposits reduce normal flow of the blood through the artery.
cholesterol.Slide29
HOW DO BLOOD CLOTS FORM?
Blood Clot is called
ThrombusSlide30
How does a Heart Attack happen?
If one of the
coronary arteries
becomes
blocked
, part of the heart muscle may begin to die from a
lack of oxygen
.
If enough muscle is damaged, a condition known as a heart attack occurs.
Symptoms include nausea, shortness of breath, and severe, crushing chest pain.Slide31
What causes a Stroke?
When a
blood clot gets free
and gets stuck in one of the blood vessels leading to the
brain
brain cells served by the particular blood vessel gradually
die from oxygen starvation
brain function in that region may be lost.
A
Stroke
may cause:
paralysis,
loss of the ability to speak
death.Slide32
WHAT IS THE ESSENTIAL QUESTION?
The circulatory system is divided into two separate pathways: pulmonary circulation and systemic circulation. How do they work together and separately to move blood throughout the body?In your answer:
define pulmonary circulation and its function (2 pts.)
define systemic circulation and its function (2 pts.)
explain how do the two systems work together to help in cellular respiration (6 pts.)Slide33
Collaborative Activity:Acting out Scenarios
In your assigned groups, fill out activity sheet for each station4 minutes per stationSlide34
Independent Practice:Apply ScenariosSlide35
WHAT IS THE ESSENTIAL QUESTION?
The circulatory system is divided into two separate pathways: pulmonary circulation and systemic circulation. How do they work together and separately to move blood throughout the body?In your answer:
define pulmonary circulation and its function (2 pts.)
define systemic circulation and its function (2 pts.)
explain how do the two systems work together to help in
cellular respiration (6
pts.)