Raleighs cell Bloody Tower Tower of London Raleigh was beheaded at Whitehall on 29 October 1618 Let us dispatch he asked his executioner At this hour my ague comes upon me I would not have my enemies think I quaked from fear After he was allowed to see the axe that would behead ID: 631741
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Slide1Slide2Slide3
Tower of London Slide4
Raleigh and his son Walter in 1602 Slide5
Raleigh's "cell", Bloody Tower, Tower of London Slide6
Raleigh was beheaded at
Whitehall
on 29 October 1618 . "Let us dispatch", he asked his executioner. "At this hour my ague comes upon me. I would not have my enemies think I quaked from fear." After he was allowed to see the axe that would behead him, he mused: "This is a sharp Medicine, but it is a Physician for all diseases and miseries". According to many biographers —
Raleigh Trevelyan
in his book
Sir Walter Raleigh
(2003) for instance — Sir Walter's final words (as he lay ready for the axe to fall) were: "Strike, man, strike!" Slide7Slide8Slide9
The Pilgrims on the
SpeedwellSlide10
Model of a typical
merchantman of the period, showing the cramped conditions that had to be endured.
Slide11Slide12Slide13Slide14Slide15Slide16
THE MAYFLOWER COMPACT
In the name of God, Amen. We whose names are under-written, the loyal subjects of our dread sovereign Lord, King James, by the grace of God, of Great Britain, France, and Ireland King, Defender of the Faith, etc.
Having undertaken, for the glory of God, and advancement of the Christian faith, and honor of our King and Country, a voyage to plant the first colony in the northern parts of Virginia, do by these presents solemnly and mutually, in the presence of God, and one of another, covenant and combine our selves together into a civil body politic, for our better ordering and preservation and furtherance of the ends aforesaid; and by virtue hereof to enact, constitute, and frame such just and equal laws, ordinances, acts, constitutions and offices, from time to time, as shall be thought most meet and convenient for the general good of the Colony, unto which we promise all due submission and obedience. In witness whereof we have hereunder subscribed our names at Cape Cod, the eleventh of November [New Style, November 21], in the year of the reign of our sovereign lord, King James, of England, France, and Ireland, the eighteenth, and of Scotland the fifty-fourth. Anno Dom. 1620.Slide17Slide18Slide19
William Bradford
(
March 19
,
1590
–
May 9
,
1657
) was an English leader of the
Separatist
settlers of the
Plymouth Colony
in
Massachusetts
, and was elected thirty times to be the Governor after
John Carver
died. He was the second signer and primary architect of the
Mayflower Compact
in
Provincetown Harbor
. His journal (1620–47), was published as
Of Plymouth Plantation
. Bradford is credited as the first to proclaim what popular American culture now views as the first
Thanksgiving
.Slide20
Bas-relief
on Bradford Street in
Provincetown
depicting the signing of the
Mayflower Compact
Slide21
Original version as recorded by William Bradford
In ye name of God Amen. We, whose names are underwritten, the Loyal Subjects of our dread Sovereign Lord King James, by ye Grace of God, of great
Britaine
, Franc, &
Yreland
, King, defender of ye Faith, &c.
Haveing
undertaken, for ye
Glorie
of God, and advancements of ye Christian faith, and the
honour
of our King &
countrie
, a voyage to plant ye first
colonie
in ye Northern parts of Virginia; Doe by these presents, solemnly &
mutualy
, in ye presence of God, and one of another; covenant & combine ourselves together into a
Civill
body politick; for our better ordering, & preservation & furtherance of ye ends aforesaid; and by
vertue
hereof to enact, constitute, and frame, such just & equal
Lawes
, ordinances, Acts, constitutions, & offices, from time to time, as shall be thought most
meete
and convenient for ye
generall
good of ye
Colonie
; unto which we promise all due submission and obedience.
In
witnes
wherof
we have hereunto subscribed our names at Cap-
Codd
ye 11 of November, in ye year of ye
raigne
of our
soveraigne
Lord King James, of England, France, &
Yreland
, ye eighteenth, and of Scotland ye
fiftie
fourth,
Ano
: Dom. 1620.Slide22
Patrick Henry became the House of Burgesses in an 1851 painting by Peter F. Rothermel Slide23Slide24Slide25
the Inside of the current
Jamestown Church, upon the general site of the original and the location where the first law in America was made
Slide26Slide27
John Rolfe
(c. 1585 – 1622) was one of the early English settlers of
North America
. He is credited with the first successful cultivation of
tobacco
as an export crop in the
Colony of Virginia
and is known as the husband of
Pocahontas
, daughter of the chief of the
Powhatan Confederacy
. Slide28Slide29Slide30Slide31Slide32Slide33Slide34Slide35Slide36Slide37Slide38
An
indentured servant
is a
laborer
under
contract
to an
employer
for a fixed period of time, typically three to seven years, in exchange for their transportation, food, drink, clothing, lodging and other necessities. Unlike a
slave
, an indentured servant is required to work only for a limited term specified in a signed contract.
[1]
[2]
Slide39Slide40
What is a
Shallop
?
The replica
shallop
built by Sultana Projects, Inc., traveled 1500 miles along Smith’s routes to help launch the new national water trail in 2007. (Photo by M
Shisler
)
In the 1600s, the word “
shallop
” referred to an open wooden workboat such as a barge, dory, or rowboat.
Shallops
were small enough to row but also had one or two sails.
Captain John Smith’s
shallop
could carry 15 men. It was probably about 30 feet long and 8 feet wide. It drew less than 2 feet of water, which was important for navigating the shallow waters of the Chesapeake Bay and many of the tributaries. Like most English boats of the period, the
shallop
was built of oak planks fastened together with wooden pegs. It had at least one mast and one or two sails made of hemp canvas.Slide41
http://www.smithtrail.net/captain-john-smith/Slide42
Captain John Smith created the first detailed map of the Chesapeake Region. His masterpiece map of Virginia, published in 1612, remained in active use for seven decades and opened this part of North America to European exploration, settlement, and trade. The geographical accuracy is astounding given that Smith traveled about 2500 miles in a series of short expeditions and had only primitive mapmaking tools to work with. Slide43Slide44
Plymouth Plantation
http://www.plimoth.org/features/homesite.phpSlide45
City upon a hill
is a phrase derived from the metaphor of
Salt and Light
in the
Sermon on the Mount
of
Jesus
given in the
Gospel of Matthew
. Matthew 5:14 states "You are the light of the world. A city that is set on a hill cannot be hidden."
This phrase entered the American lexicon early in its history, with
John Winthrop
's
sermon
"A Model of Christian Charity," given in 1630. Winthrop warned the
Puritan
colonists of
New England
who were to found the
Massachusetts Bay Colony
that their new community would be a "city upon a hill," watched by the world:
For we must consider that we shall be as a city upon a hill. The eyes of all people are upon us. So that if we shall deal falsely with our God in this work we have undertaken... we shall be made a story and a by-word throughout the world. We shall open the mouths of enemies to speak evil of the ways of God... We shall shame the faces of many of God's worthy servants, and cause their prayers to be turned into curses upon us
til
we be consumed out of the good land whither we are a-going.
[1]
The speech is believed to be given when aboard the
Arbella
not long before landing.Slide46
A
printing press is a mechanical device for applying pressure to an inked surface resting upon a medium (such as paper or cloth), thereby transferring an image. The mechanical systems involved were first assembled in
Germany
by the
goldsmith
Johannes Gutenberg
around 1440, based on existing screw-presses used to press cloth, grapes, etc. andSlide47
The
St. Bartholomew's Day massacre
(
Massacre de la Saint-Barthélemy
in
French
) in 1572 was a targeted group of assassinations, followed by a wave of
Roman Catholic
mob violence
, both directed against the
Huguenots
(French
Calvinist
Protestants
),
Lasting several weeks, the massacre extended to other urban
centres
and the countryside. Modern estimates for the number of dead vary widely between 5,000 and 30,000 in total.