an Interactive PowerPoint Not Your Average Classroom Language Arts Units Assignments What does Poetry Do Graphic Organizers Prose vs Poetry Top Hat Elements of Poetry Web Quest Elements of Poetry Mini Presentation ID: 475306
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Elements of Poetryan Interactive PowerPoint
Not Your Average Classroom Language Arts UnitsSlide2
Assignments:What does Poetry Do? Graphic Organizer(s)Prose vs. Poetry Top HatElements of Poetry Web Quest
Elements of Poetry Mini PresentationSlide3
Why do we need poetry?Why waste time defining what poetry is? It’s so much more interesting, and more important, to discuss why we have it, why we need it.Why does poetry exist? What does it do? What need does it fulfill?Slide4
Let’s Explore
To answer these questions, let’s listen to a few
spoken word poems
. As you listen, fill out the
What does Poetry Do? Graphic Organizer
with your thoughts.
As you watch the poets, notice how they transition back and forth between
poetry
and
prose
. Click on the links below to begin.Slide5
Poetry vs. Prose
Two Types of LanguageSlide6
Organize these characteristics Prose
Poetry
Organized into paragraphs
Organized into stanzas
Sounds similar to ordinary speech
Has rhythm
Arranged to create a specific emotional response
An imaginative expression of thoughts
May or may not be creative
Fewer rules
More rules
Basic unit is the line
Basic unit is the sentenceSlide7
But how are they similar?The differences are easy to spot. It’s the similarities between prose and poetry that are the challenge. Take a moment to fill out the
Poetry vs. Prose Top Hat. It is similar to a Venn Diagram, but with more room for that challenging portion.DiscussKeep adding more to the Top Hat as you learn more similarities and differences.Slide8
The elements of poetry can be grouped into three categories
How the poem is organized
The sound of the poem
The literary devicesSlide9
Elements of Poetry
Skip to the Web QuestSlide10
FormThe form is the physical structure of the poem: the length of the lines, the rhythms, system of rhymes and repetition. In other words, the “type” of poem.There are many types:
SonnetVillanelle
Blank Verse*
Free Verse*
Aubade
Ballad
Doggerel
Dirge
Dramatic Monologue
Elegy
Epic
Haiku
Lyric
Diamante
Ode
Limerick
Rondeau
Acrostic
Sestina
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Rhythm and MeterRhythm is the pattern you hear between stressed syllables. It has a characteristic rise and fall that you expect.Meter describes the pattern of rhythm. There are many types of meter:
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Iambic
Dactyl
Cadence
Blank Verse
Free Verse
Trochee
Trimeter
Tetrameter
Pentameter
Hexameter
Heptameter
Common MeasureSlide12
ThemeTo describe the theme of a poem is to discuss the overarching abstract idea or ideas being examined in the poem.Though related to the concept of a moral, or lesson, themes are usually more complicated and ambiguous.
Whereas a moral might say that “power corrupts,” a poem exploring the dangers of power might recognize, as well, the necessity of power.
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Word OrderIn short, word order is the arrangement of words in the poem. Is the word order or sentence structure (syntax
) unusual in any way?Are there noticeable patterns in the order of words? Do the lines have strong end-stops, or do they break across lines (enjamb)? Do the lines end with a final
stress
or
rhyme
?
Are there lots of long, complete sentences (simple or complex?), or are there many sentence fragments and phrases? Does the poem stop and start, or does it move or flow continuously? What is the effect of this?
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StanzaThe stanza is a grouping of lines separated from others in a poem. In modern free verse
, the stanza, like a prose paragraph, can be used to mark a shift in mood, time, or thought.One way to identify a stanza is to count the number of lines:couplet (2 lines)
tercet
(3 lines)
quatrain (4 lines)
cinquain
(5 lines)
sestet (6 lines) (sometimes it's called a
sexain
)
septet (7 lines)
octave (8 lines)
The pattern of a stanza is determined by it’s
meter
and
rhyming scheme
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Mood or ToneThe tone of a poem is the style, or manner of expression, of its writing. It can be thought of as the attitude of the writer.
Examples of tone: serious, playful, humorous, formal, informal, angry, satirical, ironic or sad.The mood refers to the atmosphere in the poem. Different elements of a poem such as its setting, tone, voice and theme help establish this atmosphere.
Examples of mood: romantic, realistic, optimistic, gloomy, imaginary or mournful.
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Connotation or DenotationDenotation is the literal meaning of a word, the "dictionary definition.” The
denotative meanings of the word “snake,” is: A scaly, legless, sometimes venomous reptile having a long, tapering, cylindrical bodyConnotation
refers to the associations that are connected to a word or the emotional suggestions related to that word.
The
connotative
meanings of a word exist
together with
the denotative meanings. The connotations for the word
snake
could include “evil” or “danger.”
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DictionPoetic diction refers to the vocabulary, phrasing, and grammatical usage deemed appropriate to verse (poetry).Poetic diction is distinguished from common speech by circumlocution,
elision, personification and even Latinate terminology such as “azure skies.”In short, diction is the
types
of words used, and how they are used, in a poem.
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Alliteration and AssonanceAlliteration is the repetition of consonant sounds in a series of words within a phrase or verse line. Alliteration need not reuse all initial consonants; Example: “We saw the sea sound sing, we heard the salt sheet tell,” from Dylan Thomas’s
“Lie Still, Sleep Becalmed.” Browse poems with alliteration.Assonance
is the repetition of vowel sounds without repeating consonants; sometimes called vowel rhyme. See Amy Lowell’s
“In a Garden”
(“With its
leaping
, and
deep
, cool murmur”) or
“The Taxi”
(“And shout into the
ridges
of the
wind
”). Browse poems with
assonance
.
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RhymeRhymes are the repetition of syllables, typically at the end of a verse line. Rhymed words conventionally share all sounds following the word’s last stressed syllable. Thus “tenacity” and “mendacity” rhyme, but not “jaundice” and “John does,” or “tomboy” and “calm bay.” A
rhyme scheme is usually the pattern of end rhymes in a stanza, with each rhyme encoded by a letter of the alphabet, from a onward (ABAB
, ABBA,
AABB
, or XAXA, for example).
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ABABABAB is a classic, often-used rhyme scheme with interlocking rhymes. It’s sometimes called alternate rhyme.Here’s an example of ABAB in action, as written by William Shakespeare:
A O, if I say, you look upon this verse,B When I, perhaps, compounded am with clay,
A
Do not so much as my poor name rehearse,
B
But let your love even with my life decay…
This ABAB rhyme scheme is built into the famous poetic form called the
Shakespearean sonnet
.Slide21
AABBA pair of successive rhyming lines. This is the rhyme scheme found in the couplet.Couplets comprise two lines that rhyme and have the same meter and length.
A couplet is “closed” when the lines form a bounded grammatical unit like a sentence.The regal eagle sits alone
upon a tree that serves as throne.
But sometimes when the eagle flies
(though this might come as some surprise)
a mob of crows may—wing to wing—
together drive away that king.
Democracy in beak and claw
finds regal eagle's fatal flaw.
And is that legal? I don't know.
You'll have to ask a mobster crow.Slide22
Literary DevicesLiterary devices are language techniques which writers use to create text that is clear, interesting, and memorable.Figurative language (metaphors and similes), symbolism, irony, alliteration, and assonance are actually all types of literary devices.
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Allusion
Hyperbole
Metaphor
Simile
Onomatopoeia
Oxymoron
Personification
Pun
Paradox
Figurative Language
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SymbolismSymbolism is the practice or art of using an object or a word to represent an abstract idea. A rose, for instance, has long been used as a symbol for love.An action, person, place, word, or object can all have a symbolic meaning
. When an author wants to suggest a certain mood or emotion, she can also use symbolism to hint at it, rather than just blatantly saying it.
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IronyAs a literary device, irony is the expression of one's meaning by using language that normally means the opposite.Dramatic or situational irony is a little different. It involves a contrast between reality and a character’s intention. For example, in Sophocles’ Greek tragedy
Oedipus Rex, King Oedipus searches for his father’s murderer, not knowing that he himself is that man. In both cases, irony creates distance between what is said or done, and the true meaning, or the true reality of the situation.
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ImageryElements of a poem that invoke any of the five senses to create a set of mental images.Imagery uses vivid or figurative language to represent ideas, objects, or actions. Poems that use rich imagery include T.S. Eliot’s “Preludes
,” Percy Bysshe Shelley’s “Ode to the West Wind,” Sylvia Plath’s “Daddy
,” and Mary Oliver’s “
At Black River
.”
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Web Quest: Poetry FoundationSlide28
Let’s ExploreThe Poetry Foundation is a wonderful resource. Complete the “Let’s Explore” portion of the Elements of Poetry WebQuest as you navigate the website.
Once you are familiar with the tabs and content, begin searching for a poem to study for your Elements of Poetry Mini PresentationClick on the image on the previous slide to enter the website.Slide29
Articles
Rhythm Movement Metaphor
Transformation
Imagery
Lines